Dietary patterns and dental caries in permanent dentition: A scoping review
Abstract
Introduction: Dental caries is influenced by diet com-ponents. Dietary patterns are the way people combine foods and drinks. They can be derived through adherence to a standard diet (a priori), obtaining patterns from existing diet data (a posteriori), or Reduced Rank Regression. Dental caries research has focused on sugar instead of food combinations. The aim of this study was to synthesize the evidence about the relationship between caries in permanent dentition and dietary patterns.
Materials and Methods: A scoping review was conducted by searching in Web of Science and PubMed. We included articles from 2001 to 2021, that studied dietary patterns or a combination of foods using one of the three methods described. Articles that dealt exclusively with breastfeeding, temporary dentition in children, or specific chronic diseases or disabilities were excluded. We assessed the quality of the articles with the Newcastle Ottawa Scale.
Results: 1094 articles were identified and nine were included in qualitative synthesis. Three articles obtained dietary patterns through a priori methods and six with an a posteriori approach. Most of the studies (8) were cross-sectional. Some dietary patterns related to caries were “High in sugar-sweetened beverages and sandwiches”, “obesogenic” and “sweet”. Adherence to dietary recommendations like Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) were associated with lower DMFS index and root caries index, respectively.
Conclusions: An association between dietary patterns and caries was found, but causality cannot be affirmed. To a better understanding of this problem, new investigations are needed that should be focused on dietary styles instead of only some ingredients.
Keywords: Dietary patterns; Dental caries; diet quality scores; Principal component analysis; Food combinations; Health behavior.
References
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22. Blostein FA, Jansen EC, Jones AD, Marshall TA, Foxman B. Dietary patterns associated with dental caries in adults in the United States. Community Dent Oral. 2020;48(2):119–29.
23. Silva R de CR, da Silva LA, de Araújo RPC, Soares FF, Fiaccone RL, Cangussu MCT. Standard obesogenic diet: the impact on oral health in children and teenagers at the Recôncavo Baiano - Brazil. Cad Saude Colet. 2015;23(2):198–205.
24. Perera I, Ekanayake L. Relationship between dietary patterns and dental caries in Sri Lankan adolescents. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2010;8(2):165-72. PMID: 205 89251.
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26. Burt BA, Kolker JL, Sandretto AM, Yuan Y, Sohn W, Ismail AI. Dietary patterns related to caries in a low-income adult population. Caries Res. 2006;40(6):473-80. doi: 10.1159/000095645. P MID: 17063017; PMCID: PMC1626651.
27. Cinar AB, Murtomaa H. Interrelation between obesity, oral health and life-style factors among Turkish school children. Clin Oral Investig. 2011;15(2):177-84. doi: 10.1007/s00784-009-0368-z. Epub 2010 Jan 7. PMID: 20054594.
28. Steele EM, Claro RM, Monteiro CA. Behavioural patterns of protective and risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Brazil. Public Health Nutr. 2014;17(2):369-75. doi: 10.1017/S1368980012005472. Epub 2013 Jan 11. PMID: 23308392; PMCID: PMC10 282382.
29. Silva DCGD, Cunha KAD, Segheto W, Reis VG, Coelho FA, Morais SHO, Pessoa MC, Longo GZ. Behavioral patterns that increase or decrease risk of abdominal adiposity in adults. Nutr Hosp. 2018;35(1):90-97. doi: 10.20960/nh.1228. PMID: 29565155.
30. Andrade GC, da Costa Louzada ML, Azeredo CM, Ricardo CZ, Martins APB, Levy RB. Out-of-Home Food Consumers in Brazil: What do They Eat? Nutrients. 2018;10(2):218. doi: 10.3390/nu10020218. PMID: 2946 2918; PMCID: PMC5852794.
31. Drehmer M, Odegaard AO, Schmidt MI, Duncan BB, Cardoso LO, Matos SMA, Molina MDCB, Barreto SM, Pereira MA. Brazilian dietary patterns and the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet-relationship with metabolic syndrome and newly diagnosed diabetes in the ELSA-Brasil study. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2017;9:13. doi: 10.1186/s13098-017-0211-7. PMID: 28228848; PMCID: PMC5307839.
32. Garmendia ML. Análisis factorial: una aplicación en el cuestionario de salud general de Goldberg, versión de 12 preguntas. Revista Chilena de Salud Pública. 2010;11(2):57–65.
33. Kant AK. Dietary patterns and health outcomes. J Am Diet Assoc. 2004;104(4):615–35.
34. Szklo M, Nieto J. Epidemiology. Beyond the Basics. 4th ed. 2019.
35. Sáenz-Ravello G, Matamala L, Santos NC, Cisternas P, Gamonal J, Fernandez A, et al. Healthy dietary patterns on clinical periodontal parameters: a GRADE compliant systematic review and meta-analysis. Curr Oral Health Rep . 2022;9:32–35. doi: 10.1007/s40496-022-00307-y.
36. al Thani M, al Thani AA, Al-Chetachi W, al Malki B, Khalifa SAH, Bakri AH, et al. Lifestyle patterns are associated with elevated blood pressure among qatariwomen of reproductive age: A cross-sectional national study. Nutrients. 2015;7(9):7593–615.
37. Akbarpour S, Khalili D, Zeraati H, Mansournia MA, Ramezankhani A, Ahmadi Pishkuhi M, et al. Relationship between lifestyle pattern and blood pressure - Iranian national survey. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):1–8. doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-51309-3
38. Al Thani M, Al Thani AA, Al-Chetachi W, Al Malki B, Khalifa SAH, Bakri AH, Hwalla N, Naja F, Nasreddine L. Adherence to the Qatar dietary guidelines: a cross-sectional study of the gaps, determinants and association with cardiometabolic risk amongst adults. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):503. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5400-2. PMID: 29661175; PMCID: PMC5902923.
39. Waidyatilaka I, de Silva A, de Lanerolle-Dias M, Wickremasinghe R, Atukorala S, Somasundaram N, Lanerolle P. Lifestyle patterns and dysglycaemic risk in urban Sri Lankan women. Br J Nutr. 2014;112(6):952-7. doi: 10.1017/S0007114514001676. PMID: 25201304.
40. Al Thani M, Al Thani AA, Al-Chetachi W, Al Malki B, Khalifa SA, Haj Bakri A, Hwalla N, Nasreddine L, Naja F. A ‘High Risk’ Lifestyle Pattern Is Associated with Metabolic Syndrome among Qatari Women of Reproductive Age: A Cross-Sectional National Study. Int J Mol Sci. 2016;17(6):698. doi: 10.3390/ijms17060698. PMID: 27271596; PMCID: PMC4926323.
41. Stein C, Cunha-Cruz J, Hugo FN. Is dietary pattern a mediator of the relationship between socio-economic status and dental caries? Clin Oral Investig. 2021;25(9):5441-5447. doi: 10.1007/s00784-021-03852-5. Epub 2021 Apr 7. PMID: 33825968.
42. Hellwig C, Bolton K, Häggblom-Kronlöf G, Rousta K. Aspects Affecting Food Choice in Daily Life as Well as Drivers and Barriers to Engagement with Fungi-Based Food—A Qualitative Perspective. Sustainability. 2022;15(1):317.
43. World Health Organization. Fiscal Policies To Promote Healthy Diets: Policy Brief. Geneva; 2022.
2. Luoto R, Prättälä R, Uutela A, Puska P. Impact of unhealthy behaviors on cardiovascular mortality in Finland, 1978-1993. Prev Med. 1998;27(1):93-100. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1997.0249. PMID: 9465359.
3. Meng L, Maskarinec G, Lee J, Kolonel LN. Lifestyle factors and chronic diseases: application of a composite risk index. Prev Med. 1999;29(4):296-304. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1999.0538. PMID: 10547055.
4. Hoffmann K, Schulze MB, Schienkiewitz A, Nöthlings U, Boeing H. Application of a new statistical method to derive dietary patterns in nutritional epidemiology. Am J Epidemiol. 2004;159(10):935-44. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwh134. PMID: 15128605.
5. Weikert C, Schulze MB. Evaluating dietary patterns: the role of reduced rank regression. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2016;19(5):341-346. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000308. PMID: 27389081.
6. Newby PK, Tucker KL. Empirically derived eating patterns using factor or cluster analysis: a review. Nutr Rev. 2004;62(5):177-203. doi: 10.1301/nr.2004.may.177-203. PMID: 15212319.
7. Gonzalez C, Pino Zúñiga P. Patrones alimentarios y su asociación con sobrepeso , obesidad y adiposidad central en niños y adolescentes chilenos. Universidad de Chile; 2017.
8. Sherafat-Kazemzadeh R, Egtesadi S, Mirmiran P, Gohari M, Farahani SJ, Esfahani FH, Vafa MR, Hedayati M, Azizi F. Dietary patterns by reduced rank regression predicting changes in obesity indices in a cohort study: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2010;19(1):22-32. PMID: 20199984.
9. Johnson L, Mander AP, Jones LR, Emmett PM, Jebb SA. Energy-dense, low-fiber, high-fat dietary pattern is associated with increased fatness in childhood. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87(4):846-54. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/87.4.846. PMID: 18400706.
10. Frank LK, Jannasch F, Kröger J, Bedu-Addo G, Mockenhaupt FP, Schulze MB, Danquah I. A Dietary Pattern Derived by Reduced Rank Regression is Associated with Type 2 Diabetes in An Urban Ghanaian Population. Nutrients. 2015;7(7):5497-514. doi: 10.3390/nu7075233. PMID: 26198248; PMCID: PMC4517010.
11. Moynihan P. Sugars and Dental Caries: Evidence for Setting a Recommended Threshold for Intake. Adv Nutr. 2016;7(1):149-56. doi: 10.3945/an.115.009365. PMID: 26773022; PMCID: PMC4717883.
12. Giacaman RA. Sugars and beyond. The role of sugars and the other nutrients and their potential impact on caries. Oral Dis. 2018 Oct;24(7):1185-1197. doi: 10.1111/odi.12778. Epub 2017 Oct 6. PMID: 28898520.
13. Giacaman RA, Fernández CE, Díaz S. N. Consumo de carbohidratos fermentables en la dieta medido mediante un sistema de puntaje para la cariogenicidad y experiencia de caries en jóvenes y adultos. Rev Chilena Nutric. 2012;39(4):116–22.
14. Halvorsrud K, Lewney J, Craig D, Moynihan PJ. Effects of Starch on Oral Health: Systematic Review to Inform WHO Guideline. J Dent Res. 2019;98(1):46-53. doi: 10.1177/0022034518788283. Epub 2018 Aug 3. PMID: 30074866.
15. Moores CJ, Kelly SAM, Moynihan PJ. Systematic Review of the Effect on Caries of Sugars Intake: Ten-Year Update. J Dent Res. 2022;101(9):1034-1045. doi: 10.1177/00220345221082918. Epub 2022 Mar 18. PMID: 35302414.
16. Tricco AC, Lillie E, Zarin W, O’Brien KK, Colquhoun H, Levac D, Moher D, Peters MDJ, Horsley T, Weeks L, Hempel S, Akl EA, Chang C, McGowan J, Stewart L, Hartling L, Aldcroft A, Wilson MG, Garritty C, Lewin S, Godfrey CM, Macdonald MT, Langlois EV, Soares-Weiser K, Moriarty J, Clifford T, Tunçalp Ö, Straus SE. PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. Ann Intern Med. 2018;169(7):467-473. doi: 10.7326/M18-0850. Epub 2018 Sep 4. PMID: 30178033.
17. Munn Z, Peters MDJ, Stern C, Tufanaru C, McArthur A, Aromataris E. Systematic review or scoping review? Guidance for authors when choosing between a systematic or scoping review approach. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2018;18(1):143. doi: 10.1186/s12874-018-0611-x. PMID: 30453902; PMCID: PMC6245623.
18. Ouzzani M, Hammady H, Fedorowicz Z, Elmagarmid A. Rayyan-a web and mobile app for systematic reviews. Syst Rev. 2016;5(1):210. doi: 10.1186/s13643-016-0384-4. PMID: 27919275; PMCID: PMC5139140.
19. Kaye EK, Heaton B, Sohn W, Rich SE, Spiro A 3rd, Garcia RI. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Diet and New and Recurrent Root Caries Events in Men. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2015;63(9):1812-9. doi: 10.1111/jgs.13614. Epub 2015 Aug 17. PMID: 26280256.
20. Sanders A, Cardel M, Laniado N, Kaste L, Finlayson T, Perreira K, et al. Diet quality and dental caries in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. J Public Health Dent. 2020;80(2):140–9.
21. Monteagudo C, Téllez F, Heras-González L, Ibañez-Peinado D, Mariscal-Arcas M, Olea-Serrano F. School dietary habits and incidence of dental caries. Nutr Hosp. 2015;32(1):383–8.
22. Blostein FA, Jansen EC, Jones AD, Marshall TA, Foxman B. Dietary patterns associated with dental caries in adults in the United States. Community Dent Oral. 2020;48(2):119–29.
23. Silva R de CR, da Silva LA, de Araújo RPC, Soares FF, Fiaccone RL, Cangussu MCT. Standard obesogenic diet: the impact on oral health in children and teenagers at the Recôncavo Baiano - Brazil. Cad Saude Colet. 2015;23(2):198–205.
24. Perera I, Ekanayake L. Relationship between dietary patterns and dental caries in Sri Lankan adolescents. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2010;8(2):165-72. PMID: 205 89251.
25. Cinar AB, Christensen LB, Hede B. Clustering of Obesity and Dental Caries with Lifestyle Factors Among Danish Adolescents. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2011;9(2):123–30.
26. Burt BA, Kolker JL, Sandretto AM, Yuan Y, Sohn W, Ismail AI. Dietary patterns related to caries in a low-income adult population. Caries Res. 2006;40(6):473-80. doi: 10.1159/000095645. P MID: 17063017; PMCID: PMC1626651.
27. Cinar AB, Murtomaa H. Interrelation between obesity, oral health and life-style factors among Turkish school children. Clin Oral Investig. 2011;15(2):177-84. doi: 10.1007/s00784-009-0368-z. Epub 2010 Jan 7. PMID: 20054594.
28. Steele EM, Claro RM, Monteiro CA. Behavioural patterns of protective and risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Brazil. Public Health Nutr. 2014;17(2):369-75. doi: 10.1017/S1368980012005472. Epub 2013 Jan 11. PMID: 23308392; PMCID: PMC10 282382.
29. Silva DCGD, Cunha KAD, Segheto W, Reis VG, Coelho FA, Morais SHO, Pessoa MC, Longo GZ. Behavioral patterns that increase or decrease risk of abdominal adiposity in adults. Nutr Hosp. 2018;35(1):90-97. doi: 10.20960/nh.1228. PMID: 29565155.
30. Andrade GC, da Costa Louzada ML, Azeredo CM, Ricardo CZ, Martins APB, Levy RB. Out-of-Home Food Consumers in Brazil: What do They Eat? Nutrients. 2018;10(2):218. doi: 10.3390/nu10020218. PMID: 2946 2918; PMCID: PMC5852794.
31. Drehmer M, Odegaard AO, Schmidt MI, Duncan BB, Cardoso LO, Matos SMA, Molina MDCB, Barreto SM, Pereira MA. Brazilian dietary patterns and the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet-relationship with metabolic syndrome and newly diagnosed diabetes in the ELSA-Brasil study. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2017;9:13. doi: 10.1186/s13098-017-0211-7. PMID: 28228848; PMCID: PMC5307839.
32. Garmendia ML. Análisis factorial: una aplicación en el cuestionario de salud general de Goldberg, versión de 12 preguntas. Revista Chilena de Salud Pública. 2010;11(2):57–65.
33. Kant AK. Dietary patterns and health outcomes. J Am Diet Assoc. 2004;104(4):615–35.
34. Szklo M, Nieto J. Epidemiology. Beyond the Basics. 4th ed. 2019.
35. Sáenz-Ravello G, Matamala L, Santos NC, Cisternas P, Gamonal J, Fernandez A, et al. Healthy dietary patterns on clinical periodontal parameters: a GRADE compliant systematic review and meta-analysis. Curr Oral Health Rep . 2022;9:32–35. doi: 10.1007/s40496-022-00307-y.
36. al Thani M, al Thani AA, Al-Chetachi W, al Malki B, Khalifa SAH, Bakri AH, et al. Lifestyle patterns are associated with elevated blood pressure among qatariwomen of reproductive age: A cross-sectional national study. Nutrients. 2015;7(9):7593–615.
37. Akbarpour S, Khalili D, Zeraati H, Mansournia MA, Ramezankhani A, Ahmadi Pishkuhi M, et al. Relationship between lifestyle pattern and blood pressure - Iranian national survey. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):1–8. doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-51309-3
38. Al Thani M, Al Thani AA, Al-Chetachi W, Al Malki B, Khalifa SAH, Bakri AH, Hwalla N, Naja F, Nasreddine L. Adherence to the Qatar dietary guidelines: a cross-sectional study of the gaps, determinants and association with cardiometabolic risk amongst adults. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):503. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5400-2. PMID: 29661175; PMCID: PMC5902923.
39. Waidyatilaka I, de Silva A, de Lanerolle-Dias M, Wickremasinghe R, Atukorala S, Somasundaram N, Lanerolle P. Lifestyle patterns and dysglycaemic risk in urban Sri Lankan women. Br J Nutr. 2014;112(6):952-7. doi: 10.1017/S0007114514001676. PMID: 25201304.
40. Al Thani M, Al Thani AA, Al-Chetachi W, Al Malki B, Khalifa SA, Haj Bakri A, Hwalla N, Nasreddine L, Naja F. A ‘High Risk’ Lifestyle Pattern Is Associated with Metabolic Syndrome among Qatari Women of Reproductive Age: A Cross-Sectional National Study. Int J Mol Sci. 2016;17(6):698. doi: 10.3390/ijms17060698. PMID: 27271596; PMCID: PMC4926323.
41. Stein C, Cunha-Cruz J, Hugo FN. Is dietary pattern a mediator of the relationship between socio-economic status and dental caries? Clin Oral Investig. 2021;25(9):5441-5447. doi: 10.1007/s00784-021-03852-5. Epub 2021 Apr 7. PMID: 33825968.
42. Hellwig C, Bolton K, Häggblom-Kronlöf G, Rousta K. Aspects Affecting Food Choice in Daily Life as Well as Drivers and Barriers to Engagement with Fungi-Based Food—A Qualitative Perspective. Sustainability. 2022;15(1):317.
43. World Health Organization. Fiscal Policies To Promote Healthy Diets: Policy Brief. Geneva; 2022.
Published
2023-12-28
How to Cite
CORREA RAMÍREZ, Andrea; ESPINOZA SANTANDER, Iris.
Dietary patterns and dental caries in permanent dentition: A scoping review.
Journal of Oral Research, [S.l.], v. 12, n. 1, p. 333-346, dec. 2023.
ISSN 0719-2479.
Available at: <https://joralres.com/index.php/JOralRes/article/view/joralres.2023.029>. Date accessed: 02 may 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.17126/joralres.2023.029.
Issue
Section
Reviews
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