Comparison between sleep disorders  and polysomnographic records of young  adults with and without sleep bruxism:  A cross-sectional study.

Olga López-Soto; Juan Orellana-Cáceres; Francia Restrepo de Mejía; Raúl Aguilera-Eguía

doi:10.17126/joralres.2020.074

Olga López-Soto Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Autónoma de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia.
Juan Orellana-Cáceres Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
Francia Restrepo de Mejía Faculty of Physical Therapy, Universidad Autónoma de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia.
Raúl Aguilera-Eguía Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kinesiology Career. Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción. Concepción, Chile

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17126/joralres.2020.074

Abstract

Objectives: To compare sleep disorders and polysomnographic records among a group of young adults with sleep bruxism (SB) and a control group (C). Material and methods: This cross-sectional study considered a consecutive sampling of students from the target population, searching for cases of SB until 20 individuals with and without SB were obtained. Sleep disorders were determined by applying both medical records and physiological records during sleep which were gathered from a polysomnography exam. To establish the difference of the means according to SB, the T-Student or Mann-Whitney U tests were used, depending on the data. A Logistic Regression analysis was also applied. Results: The study found differences (p-value<0.05) in the variables related to the sleep disorder: the possibility of major depressive episode (SB: 30% - C: 5%), degree of nasal airway obstruction (SB: 20% - C: 10%) and in polysomnographic registers: sleep time stage 1 (SB: 9 min - C: 18 min), Rapid Eye Movement (REM) stage (SB: 123 min C: 93 min ), number of periodic movement of the limbs (SB: 84.2 - C: 49.7), bruxism index (SB: 40.2 - C: 10.1) and average of total arousals (SB: 71.9 - C: 57.5). According to the logistic regression model, the Odds Ratio (OR) of SB, in relation to the periodic movement of the limbs and the degree of airway obstruction, it showed a statistically significant relationship (p-value<0.05). Conclusion: There were significant differences recorded in two sleep disorders between the two groups: the degree of airway obstruction and the possibility of having a major depressive episode. Differences were found in sleep and REM time stages, periodic movement of limbs and bruxism events.

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