Evaluación de anchos intercaninos e intermolares en escolares con dentición mixta, Comuna de Contulmo, Chile.
Abstract
Introducción: El éxito del tratamiento ortodóncico temprano se fundamenta en el conocimiento del desarrollo de la dentición, por lo cual la medición de sus dimensiones en los diferentes estadios de desarrollo se considera como un factor predictor para el tratamiento y rehabilitación de la población. Objetivo: Conocer y evaluar las características cuantitativas de los anchos intercaninos e intermolares según sexo en la población de niños de 6 a 8 años de la Escuela Artística San Luis de Contulmo. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, no experimental, de corte transversal, descriptivo y correlacional. La población de estudio correspondió a 48 alumnos de 6 a 8 años seleccionados por muestreo por conveniencia, a los cuales se les tomó modelos de estudio, midiendo y comparando los anchos intercaninos e intermolares. Resultados: Los promedios resultantes de las mediciones efectuadas fueron: distancia intercanina maxilar 33,2 +2,6 mm en hombres y 32,2 +2,3 mm en mujeres, respectivamente la distancia intercanina mandibular 27,1 +2,3 mm y 26, 6 +1,9 mm, la distancia intermolar maxilar 51,9 +3,1 y 51,2 +3,0 mm y la distancia intermolar mandibular 46 +2,6 y 44,8 +3,0 mm. Conclusión: Las diferencias entre los anchos intercaninos e intermolares según sexo no son significativas, en cuanto a la edad se observan diferencias significativas entre los 6 y 8 años en el sexo masculino, no así en el femenino. Este estudio representa un interesante punto de partida para el análisis y discusión de futuras investigaciones.
Palabras clave: Evaluación cuantitativa, dimensiones transversales, Arco dental/anomalías.
Introduction: The early orthodontic treatment success is based on knowledge the development of the dentition, so measuring their dimensions at different stages of development is considered as a predictor for treatment and rehabilitation of the population. Objective: To explore and evaluate the quantitative characteristics of intercanine and intermolar widths by sex in the population of children of 6-8 years of the Escuela Artistica San Luis de Contulmo. Methodology: quantitative study, non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational. The study population corresponded to 48 students from 6 to 8 years selected by probabilistic sampling, unintentional and opportunistic, to which took study models, measuring and comparing intercanine and intermolar widths. Results: The resulting averages of measurements were: maxillary intercanine 33.2 +2.6 mm in men and 32.2 +2.3 mm in women, mandibular intercanine distances respectively 27.1 + 2.3 mm and 26 6 +1.9 mm, the distance intermolar maxillary 51.9 +3.1 and 51.2 +3.0 mm and the distance mandibular intermolar 46 +2.6 and 44.8 +3.0 mm. Conclusion: In relation to the difference between intercanine and intermolar widths by sex are not significant, in terms of age significant differences between 6 and 8 males but not in females. This study represents an interesting starting point for the analysis and discussion of future research.
Keywords: Quantitative evaluation, transverse dimensions, Arch Dental/anomalies.
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