Combination of orthognathic surgery and condylectomy in active condylar hyperplasia: a case report
Abstract
Case Report: Active condylar hyperplasia is a rare condition that often leads to progressive facial asymmetry in adolescents and young adults. Surgical treatment, usually involving a condylectomy, is necessary to stop condylar overgrowth. In certain cases, orthognathic surgery is also required to correct associated skeletal abnormalities.
This case report presents an 18-year-old female with right-sided active condylar hyperplasia who underwent simultaneous low condylectomy and orthognathic surgery. Digital planning with virtual surgical simulation was used preoperatively to guide the procedure. A postoperative evaluation revealed a discrepancy of approximately 2 mm compared to the planned outcome, indicating a high degree of surgical accuracy.
Conclusions: This case highlights the potential of combining condylectomy with orthognathic surgery, supported by virtual planning, as an effective strategy to correct asymmetry and achieve long-term functional and aesthetic stability in specific patients.
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2. Beltran J, Zaror C, Moya MP, Netto HD, Olate S. Diagnosis and Treatment in Unilateral Condylar Hyperplasia. J Clin Med. 2023;12(3):1017. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12031017. PMID: 36769664; PMCID: PMC9917662.
3. Ghawsi S, Aagaard E, Thygesen TH. High con-dylectomy for the treatment of mandibular condylar hyperplasia: a systematic review of the literature. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016;45(1):60-71. https://doi.org/110.1016/j.ijom. 2015.09.002. Epub 2015 Sep 19. PMID: 26388491.
4. Laguna-Monagas HA, Hernández-Andara A, Ortega-Pertuz A, Cordsen H, Gudiño R, Contreras C. Evaluación clínica e imagenológica de la ar-ticulación temporomandibular en pacientes sometidos a condilectomía como tratamiento de hiperplasia unilateral. Estudio de serie de casos [Clinical and imagenological evaluation of the temporomandibular joint in patients undergoing condylectomy for the treatment of unilateral hyperplasia. Case series study]. Rev Cient Odontol. 2021;9(4):e090. https://doi.org/10.21142/2523-2754-0904-2021-090. PMID: 38 463722; PMCID: PMC10919808.
5. López DF, Botero JR, Muñoz JM, Cardenas-Perilla RA. Mandibular and temporomandibular mor-phologic characteristics of patients with sus-pected unilateral condylar hyperplasia: a CT study. Dental Press J Orthod. 2020;25(2):61-68. https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.25.2.061-068.oar. PMID: 32490922; PMCID: PMC7265676.
6. Turvey TA, Hannan E, Brader T, Bhatt P, Oliverson T, Magraw CBL, Pham M. Active Unilateral Condylar Hyperplasia Treated With Simultaneous Condylectomy and Orthognathic Surgery: A Clinical Report. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2022;80(10):1593-1612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2022.06.003. PMID: 35817129. Epub 2022 Jun 16. PMID: 35817129.
7. Mouallem G, Vernex-Boukerma Z, Longis J, Perrin JP, Delaire J, Mercier JM, Corre P. Efficacy of proportional condylectomy in a treatment protocol for unilateral condylar hyperplasia: A review of 73 cases. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2017; 45(7):1083-1093. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcms.2017. 04.007. Epub 2017 Apr 21. PMID: 2854 5771.
8. Higginson JA, Bartram AC, Banks RJ, Keith DJW. Condylar hyperplasia: current thinking. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2018;56(8):655-662. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjoms.2018.07.017. Epub 2018 Aug 13. PMID: 30115459.
9. Gallagher AL, Ruellas ACO, Benavides E, Soki FN, Aronovich S, Magraw CBL, Turvey T, Cevidanes L. Mandibular condylar remodeling characteristics after simultaneous condylec-tomy and orthognathic surgery. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2021;160(5):705-717. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2020.06.040. Epub 2021 Aug 2. PMID: 34353687; PMCID: PMC85 78308.
10. Fariña R, Pintor F, Pérez J, Pantoja R, Berner D. Low condylectomy as the sole treatment for active condylar hyperplasia: facial, occlusal and skeletal changes. An observational study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015;44(2):217-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2014.10.013. Epub 2014 Nov 15. PMID: 25468628.
11. Sembronio S, Tel A, Perrotti G, Robiony M. One-Stage Computer-Guided Customized Ma- nagement of Skeletal Asymmetry by Conco-mitant Proportional Condylectomy and Or-thognathic Surgery in Patients With Unilateral Condylar Hyperplasia. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020;78(11):2072.e1-2072.e12. https://doi.org/10.1 016/j.joms.2020.05.039. Epub 2020 Jun 1. PMID: 32621806.
12. Maniskas S, Parsaei Y, Bruckman KC, Steinbacher D. Concurrent High Condylectomy and Or-thognathic Surgery to Address Mandibular and Facial Asy- mmetry. J Craniofac Surg. 2019; 30(8):2601-2603. https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000005886. PMID: 31449227.
13. Fariña R, Moreno E, Lolas J, Silva F, Martínez B. Three-dimensional skeletal changes after early proportional condylectomy for condylar hy-per-plasia. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2019;48(7):941-951. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2019.01.016. PMID:30 755358. Epub 2019 Feb 10.
14. Olate S, Ravelo V, Alister JP, Netto HD, Haidar ZS, Sacco R. Early Treatment of Unilateral Con-dylar Hyperplasia in Adolescents: Preliminary Results. J Clin Med. 2023;12(10):3408. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12103408. PMID: 37240513; PMCID: PMC10219540.
15. Seon S, Lee HW, Jeong BJ, Lee BS, Kwon YD, Ohe JY. Study of soft tissue changes in the upper lip and nose after backward movement of the maxilla in orthognathic surgery. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020;46(6):385-392. https://doi.org/10.5125/jkaoms.2020.46.6.385. PMID: 33377463; PMCID: PMC7783182.
16. Alkhayer A, Piffkó J, Lippold C, Segatto E. Accuracy of virtual planning in orthognathic surgery: a systematic review. Head Face Med.2020;16(1):34. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13005-020-00250-2. PMID: 33272289; PMCID: PMC7716456.
17. Nitzan DW. 'Adaptable condylectomy' for acquired facial asymmetry and malocclusion caused by temporomandibular joint condylar hyperplasia. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2023; 52(11):1145-1155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom. 2023.05.001. Epub 2023 May 23. PMID: 37230928.
18. Perrotta S, Carraturo E, D'Antò V, Ludwig B, Bocchino T, Vaira LA, De Riu G, Valletta R, Piombino P. A Novel Virtual Planned-Or-thodontic-Surgical Approach for Proportional Condylectomy in Condylar Hyperplasia. J Clin Med. 2025;14(3):752. https://doi.org/10.3390/j cm14030752. PMID: 39941425; PMCID: PMC11818 501.
19. MAGIC Amsterdam Mandibular Anatomy & Growth Interdisciplinary Consortium Amster-dam; Klop C, Schreurs R, De Jong GA, Klinkenberg ET, Vespasiano V, Rood NL, Niehe VG, Soerdjbalie-Maikoe V, Van Goethem A, De Bakker BS, Maal TJ, Nolte JW, Becking AG. An open-source, three-dimensional growth model of the mandible. Comput Biol Med. 2024;175:108455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108455. Epub 20 24 Apr 16. PMID: 38663350.
20. Shetty S, Guddadararangiah S. Case Report: unilateral condylar hyperplasia. F1000Res. 2021;10:46. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000res earch.48499.1. PMID: 33564393; PMCID: PMC78 56681.
Published
2025-05-05
How to Cite
Maldonado-Alvear, J., Orellana, L., & Montesinos-Guevara, C. (2025). Combination of orthognathic surgery and condylectomy in active condylar hyperplasia: a case report. Journal of Oral Research, 14(1), 341-351. Retrieved from https://joralres.com/index.php/JOralRes/article/view/1679
Section
Cases
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